The paper starts with the BNN with latent variable and proposes an entropy-based and a variance-based measure of prediction uncertainty. For each uncertainty measure, the authors propose a decomposition of the aleatoric term and epistemic term. A simple regression toy experiment proves this decomposition and its measure of uncertainty. Then the author tries to improve the regression toy experiment performance by using this uncertainty measure into an active learning scheme. For each batch, they would actively sample which data to label. The result shows that using epistemic uncertainty alone outperforms using total certainty, which both outperforms simple gaussian process. The result is understandable since epistemic is directly related to model weight uncertainty, and sampling from high aleatoric uncertain area does help supervised learning.

Then the authors talk about how to extend the model based RL by adding a risk term which consider both aleatoric term and epistemic term, and its related to model-bias and noise aversion. The experiments on Industrial Benchmark shows the method is able prevent overfitting the learned model and better transfer to real world, but the method seems to be pretty sensitive to $\beta$ and $\gamma$.